Historical Terms and Concepts

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Expedition

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A journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a specific purpose. Example: Lewis and Clark's expedition explored the western U.S. in the early 19th century.

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Voyage

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A long journey involving travel by sea or in space. Example: Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492 led to the European discovery of the Americas.

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Navigate

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To plan and direct the course of a ship, aircraft, or transportation. Example: Vasco da Gama navigated using the stars and maps during his explorations.

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Settle

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To establish a community or colony in a new location. Example: Pilgrims settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620.

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Colonialism

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The practice of acquiring control over another country for settlement and exploitation. Example: British colonialism in India lasted until 1947 when India gained independence.

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Diplomacy

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The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations. Example: The Treaty of Paris (1783) ended the American Revolutionary War through diplomacy.

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Negotiate

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To formally discuss something to reach an agreement, often between nations. Example: The U.S. negotiated the Louisiana Purchase with France in 1803.

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Liberty

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Freedom from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority. Example: The American Revolution was partly fought to secure liberty from British rule.

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Representation

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Speaking or acting on behalf of someone or a group. Example: "No taxation without representation" was a key grievance of the American colonists.