Homologous chromosomes

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene on a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele. A heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype that is intermediate (blend) between homozygous genotypes.

The first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms.

An allele that masks the presence of a recessive allele in the phenotype, represented by an uppercase letter.

The situation in which two different alleles for a trait are equally expressed unblended in the phenotype of heterozygous individuals.

A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype (heterozygous).

Alternative versions of a gene.

Three or more alleles of the same gene within a population.

First, outside, inside, last - used to determine all possible combinations of alleles in the gametes for each parent due to the law of independent assortment.

Law of Independent Assortment

One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can separate independently during the formation of gametes.

Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete.

A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits.

A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.

A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.

An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.

Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross.

Product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents.

A trait in which the phenotype is controlled by two or more genes at different loci on different chromosomes.

The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits.

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

A type of inheritance that does not follow Mendelian laws of inheritance.

Functional unit of DNA that controls inherited trait expression and is passed from one generation to the next.

Mendel's law that states the dominant allele will prevent the recessive allele from being expressed

likely hood that a particular event will occur

An egg or sperm cell (gamete); a sex cell carries half the number of chromosomes found in other body cells.

Genetics Flashcards Flashcards

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Zygote

Back

A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes (egg and sperm); a fertilized ovum.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Sperm

Back

Male sex cell or gamete (haploid).

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Egg

Back

Female sex cell or gamete (haploid).

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Hybrids

Back

Offspring of crosses between parents with different forms of a trait (opposite of purebred).

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Genotype

Back

An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Genome

Back

All the genetic information in an organism; all of an organism's chromosomes.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Heterozygous

Back

Genotype consisting of two different alleles of a gene for a trait.

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