AP US Govt Unit 5 Part 1 Vocab #71-84

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501(c)(3)

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Nonprofit organizations that are tax-exempt and prohibited from engaging in political activities or lobbying except in very limited circumstances. They can focus on charitable, religious, educational, or scientific purposes.

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501(c)(4)

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Nonprofit organizations that are tax-exempt and can engage in lobbying and political advocacy. These organizations can participate in political campaigns and elections, as long as these activities are not their primary focus.

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Bundling

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A fundraising strategy in which individuals or groups gather multiple contributions from different donors and present them together to a candidate or political campaign, increasing their influence.

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Direct Lobbying

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The attempt by interest groups to influence government policy by directly interacting with legislators or other government officials.

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Endorsement

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The public expression of support for a candidate or policy by an individual, organization, or interest group, often intended to influence voters or lawmakers.

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Free-Rider

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An individual who benefits from the activities of an interest group or public goods without contributing to them, often a challenge for large groups providing public goods.

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Grassroots Lobbying

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A type of lobbying that focuses on mobilizing the general public to contact government officials in support of or opposition to a policy, often through petitions, phone calls, or demonstrations.

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Grasstops

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Influential local leaders or prominent figures who can shape public opinion and help mobilize grassroots lobbying efforts.

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Ideological Groups

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Interest groups that are based on a particular set of political or philosophical beliefs, such as conservative or liberal ideologies, and advocate policies that align with these beliefs.

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Insider Strategies

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Tactics used by interest groups that involve direct contact with government officials, such as lobbying, providing information, or drafting legislation to influence policy.