Hashing and Encryption Concepts

Front

Definition of Hashing

Back

Hashing describes one-way or irreversible encryption used for protecting the integrity of data and in authentication applications.

Front

Purpose of Hashing

Back

Hashing is used to hide the original contents of a message or to check the integrity of data.

Front

Hashing Process

Back

Hashing involves taking a variable length input and producing a fixed length output (message digest).

Front

Weakness of One-way Hashing

Back

The same piece of plaintext will result in the same ciphertext unless salt is applied.

Front

Collision in Hashing

Back

A collision occurs when two different input values produce the same hash signature.

Front

Collision Attack

Back

Exploits the occurrence of collisions in hash functions.

Front

Pre-image Attack

Back

Occurs when part of the message has some significance to the original and generates the same hash signature.

Front

Full Context Attack

Back

An alternative message is created with the same hash signature and has a direct relation to the original message.

Front

APR1 Format

Back

Addresses brute forcing of an MD5 hash by iterating the hash value 1,000 times and includes a salted value.

Front

SHA Method

Back

Produces a 160-bit signature, does not have a salted value, and is open to rainbow table and brute force attacks.