Internet and Networking Concepts

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Domain Name System (DNS)

Back

Used to translate domain names into IP addresses.

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Internet Protocol (IP)

Back

A protocol that defines the structure of an Internet address and assigns a unique address to every device on the Internet.

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Network

Back

A group of two or more computer systems linked together, typically connected through routers.

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Fiber Optic Cables

Back

Able to send bits from router to router across long distances, but they are very expensive. Primarily used by Internet Service Providers (ISP).

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Bitrate

Back

The amount of data (in bits) that can be sent in a fixed amount of time. A bit is the smallest unit of data that a computer can store and is a 1 or a 0.

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Bandwidth

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The capacity of data transfer in a system. Measured by bitrate.

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Latency

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The time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to receiver. Fiber optic cables have low latency.

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Internet

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A philosophy of making information and knowledge open and accessible to all people. A network of networks built on open, agreed upon protocols.

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Protocol

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A widely agreed upon set of rules that standardize communication between machines.

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Citizen Science

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Science that harnesses the power of many individuals to solve hard, complex problems.